TB Testing

When is a TB test recommended?

Individuals requiring a TB test for employment or those with an elevated risk of infection can conveniently undergo testing at Cohen Care.

What occurs during a TB skin test?

The tuberculosis testing procedure consists of two main components:

  1. The tuberculin skin test (TST)

  2. The assessment of TST results

Patients need to return for a follow-up visit within 48 to 72 hours after the initial appointment to complete the TB test.

What disease is associated with TB testing?

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that primarily affects the lungs. Although the number of infections in the U.S. has declined since 1993, it remains a concern. Many strains of tuberculosis are resistant to the drugs used to treat it. Individuals with active tuberculosis infections need to take several types of medication for months to eradicate the disease and prevent the development of antibiotic resistance.

The bacteria causing tuberculosis spread in microscopic droplets released into the air through coughing, sneezing, laughing, speaking, spitting, or any action involving exhaling air from the lungs. Most people with active TB who receive appropriate medical treatment for at least 2 weeks are no longer contagious.

What symptoms can occur with TB?

  • Chest pain, pain during breathing or coughing

  • Chills or night sweats

  • Chronic coughing lasting 3 weeks or more

  • Coughing up blood

  • Fever

  • Loss of appetite

  • Unexpected weight loss and fatigue

Tuberculosis can also affect other parts of the body, such as the brain, spine, or kidneys. Symptoms will vary depending on the affected organs. For example, tuberculosis in the kidneys may cause blood in the urine, while tuberculosis in the spine may result in back pain.

What are the types of TB?

Although the body may harbor the bacteria causing TB, the immune system usually prevents individuals from becoming sick. There are two distinct states of tuberculosis infection:

  • Active TB: This state causes illness and is contagious in most cases. It may occur in the first few weeks following infection with the TB bacteria or could manifest years later.

  • Latent TB (inactive TB or TB infection): You’re infected, but the bacteria remain dormant and cause no symptoms. Latent TB is not contagious. If untreated, it can become active TB.

How can TB be prevented?

TB is only contagious in its active state when it affects the lungs. Treating and preventing latent TB from becoming active can halt the transmission of tuberculosis to others. To prevent the spread of TB:

  • Isolate yourself: Stay home from work or school and sleep alone in a room during the first few weeks of active tuberculosis treatment.

  • Use a tissue: Cover your mouth when laughing, coughing, or sneezing. Dispose of the tissue in a sealed bag and throw it away.

  • Ventilate the room: Tuberculosis germs are more likely to spread in small, enclosed spaces. Refresh the air in the room by opening windows and using a fan to blow indoor air outside.

  • Wear a mask: During the initial 3 weeks of treatment, reduce transmission by wearing a surgical mask when in proximity to others.

What are travel risks associated with TB?

The risk of contracting tuberculosis is higher for individuals residing in or traveling to regions with high incidences of tuberculosis, including:

  • Africa

  • Asia

  • Caribbean Islands

  • Eastern Europe

  • Latin America

  • Russia