Hepatitis C Screening

When is it appropriate to undergo hepatitis C screening?

Certain individuals face an elevated risk of contracting the hepatitis C virus (HCV). Those who should undergo hepatitis C screening include:

  • "Baby boomers" born between 1945 and 1965

  • Individuals with a sexual partner who has or had hepatitis C

  • Those with chronic liver disease, HIV, or AIDS

  • Individuals with tattoos or body piercings performed using unsterilized equipment

  • Healthcare workers who have experienced a needlestick injury

  • Recipients of organ transplants or blood transfusions before 1992, or clotting factors before 1987

  • Individuals who have injected drugs using a needle or shared equipment

  • Those born to a mother with hepatitis C

What occurs during hepatitis C screening?

The standard screening method for hepatitis C involves the antibody test. Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system in response to the presence of specific pathogens, including viruses like hepatitis C. The hepatitis C antibody test screens for antibodies specific to hepatitis C in the bloodstream.

A positive result indicates past exposure to the hepatitis C virus but does not confirm current infection. If the initial screening is positive, further tests are required to determine the active status of the virus.

A negative result means no antibodies were detected, though it could also be indeterminate. A negative reading may suggest no infection or recent exposure with insufficient antibody buildup for detection. In high-risk cases with a negative result, the test may be repeated to ensure accuracy.

What is hepatitis C?

Hepatitis C is a viral infection that affects the liver and can be transmitted through sexual or blood contact. Many carriers can live with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) for years without noticeable symptoms, yet the virus may still harm the liver.

What symptoms may arise with hepatitis C?

Hepatitis C spreads through blood or bodily fluids, attacking liver cells and causing inflammation. Symptoms, if present, may include fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, stomach pain, and yellowing of the eyes and skin. Since these symptoms overlap with other illnesses, a hepatitis C blood test is necessary for accurate diagnosis.

How can a Cohen Care provider assist with hepatitis C screening?

Cohen Care providers can assess symptoms, review medical history, and conduct necessary tests. They interpret results, recommend additional testing if needed, and may refer patients for further diagnostics in another healthcare setting if required.